LORA is a blockchain-based data value ecosystem tailored for the era of big data. Its core objective is to establish a blockchain network that enables efficient, secure, and incentive-driven data exchange and value extraction. Current data transactions face four major pain points: data resource waste, data silos, data stagnation, and mismatches between data supply and demand. LORA addresses these challenges by constructing a community network oriented by demand, rewarding data contribution, and structuring data through segmentation. This enables the creation of a secure, efficient, traceable, and development-friendly data transaction platform. By combining blockchain networks with the needs of data value mining and exchange, LORA’s architecture follows these foundational principles:
✓ Trustworthy Transaction History: All trusted transaction records are permanently stored on the blockchain, enabling low-cost trust between trading parties, while ensuring reliability and privacy, and eliminating data stagnation caused by intermediaries.
✓ Incentive-Compatible Economic System: The design encourages nodes to publish data and supports the discovery of derivative value through data development, fostering ecosystem growth and reducing exchange costs.
✓ Granular Trading Mechanism: The system supports increasingly refined data asset transactions through well-designed network mechanisms.
✓ Market-Driven Data Pricing: LORA ensures fine-grained, market-oriented pricing of data via built-in economic models.
✓ High-Throughput Transactions: Capable of handling high-frequency data exchanges, with lab-tested performance exceeding one million TPS and 39,523 TPS in real network environments. This supports future large-scale data collection, edge computing result exchanges for AI, IoT, and robotics.
✓ Data Quality Validation: LORA supports automated validation through sampling, cross-checking, format and type recognition, and range detection, thereby ensuring secure transactions while offering configurable data quality checks.
✓ Support for Derivative Data Services: Enables programmable modeling of data, allowing developers to use general-purpose languages to build advanced analytical tools, integrate with LORA, and access Oracle networks for extended smart contract functionality.
✓ Cross-Chain Blockchain Services: Supports the integration of mature blockchain services in storage and computation to enhance LORA's service capabilities.
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is widely used to secure emails, messaging apps, websites, and other forms of digital communication. However, traditional PKI implementations rely on centralized Certificate Authorities (CAs) to issue, revoke, and manage key pairs, which opens vulnerabilities for cybercriminals to intercept encrypted communications or impersonate identities.
By distributing public keys via blockchain, LORA eliminates the risk of forged keys and enables verifiable identity communication. It is the first blockchain-based PKI system to entirely forgo centralized authorities, instead using the blockchain as a public, auditable, and fault-tolerant key registry. This allows transactions to be signed using identities generated by citizens on-chain.
The LORA public blockchain allows unrestricted node participation, and its network layer does not natively record user identities. While this suits open systems, it poses risks in high-stakes industries like finance.
When applied to the financial sector, LORA’s implementation must evaluate whether a public chain is necessary and include mechanisms for node identity registration. Additionally, VPNs, firewalls, and physical network isolation must be employed to protect miner nodes and ensure secure infrastructure.
LORA emphasizes strong resistance to man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks as a critical aspect of its secure transmission protocol.
A MITM attack involves an adversary intercepting and controlling communications between two parties, who mistakenly believe they are in direct, private contact. To prevent this, LORA-compatible digital wallets must scan all digital certificates for validity, verify network proxy settings, and maintain a secure baseline for communications.